Telegraphy.



PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907. P. B. DELANY.

I TELBGRAPHY. APLLIOATIQN FILED JUNE 13. 1903.

UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PATRICK B.-DELANY, OF $OUTH ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

TELE GRAPHY,

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec 24;, 19 07.

Application filed June 13. 1903- Serial No. 161343.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK B. DELANY, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Orange, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Telegraphy, of which the fol owing is a specification.

The invention relates to that part of a wireless telegraph system by which the elec when-a signal wave or impulse is received' Such local instrument has for instance been an electro magnet with a neutral armature.

having a retractable spring, or a polarized instrument having a magnetically biased armature. With either of these arrangements, the effective local current due to variation of resistance inthe coherer, must be sufficient to cause the actuation of the armature of the local instrument against the opposing force exefcised by its retractable ring in the one case, or its magnetic bias in e other: and, as the return movement of the armature after the coherer has been deco hered should, for eflicient working, be substantially equal. in time period, and at least equal in force to the forward movement under action of the current, a considerable part of the energy or pull of the electro magnet'is wasted in moving the armature against the opposing force of its retractable spring or ma netic bias. Perhaps, as much as onehal of such energyis so wasted.

In-its broad aspect the invention is not limited to that type of Wireless coherer or rimary instrument in which the resistance 1s decreased on the passage of a signal wave, but is preferably employed therewith and such combination or organization is specifically an important part of this invention.

Further the invention is preferably so organized that the movable part of the relay shall be subject. to no bias magnetic or mechanical.

An organization specially .well adapted to carry out this invention comprises a polarized relay having an armature neutral or unbiased as to position and wholly unhampered in its response to the current impulses in the coils of its magnet. Such an armature having been moved to its closed 'side, or its.

marking or signaling contact, andhaving performed its function of control of the coherer, tapper or other local instrument, is

immediately withdrawn to its open or spac ing position by a suitable current admitted to the winding of the magnet. Admission of the latter current may be controlled in.

any appropriate-way. Naturally,'the current should become effective co-incidentl with the action of the de-coherer; and, pre erably, the circuit of saidourrent is controlled by an electro magnet in circuit with the decoherer magnet either in series or parallel instead of by the tapper or armature lever of the de-coherer. By such an arrangement the local instrument or relay 0011-, trolled by the coherer or primary instru ment of variable resistance responds more readily with less current change in its wind-. ing than if its armature were biased either magnetically or by a retractable sprm and the return of its armature is quick am positive', being in no measure dependent on a re, tractable force, necessarily weak, slow and uncertain, because of the necessity of adjusting it to such point that it may be-overcome on the passage of an electro magnetic wave orsignal impulse through the coherer. In this improved system, the retractable force may be many times greater than the attracting force since its power is withdrawn instantly' its function has been performed.

' The accom anying drawing illustrates, diagrammatica ly, an embodiment of this 1n-.

vention that experience has shown to be practical and ei'licient. v r

Figure lis a diagrammatic view illustrating the operation of the invention; and, Fig. 2, shows an ink recorder as the final receiver, a is the vertical conductor connected with one terminal of the coherer b, the other terminal of which is connected to earth at E. Connected to the terminals of thecoherer and, consequently, in shunt around it, 1s a circuit 0 containing a local battery (1 and an adjustable resistance e and including one coil or winding of a multiply wound polarized relay f, the other winding of which is inlatter being an insulated piece mounted on the armaturelever 7c of an electro magnet l.

m is the de-coherer magnet (to the armature lever of which the coherer is attached) included in the circuit n, containing alocal battery n, and having- .one terminal con.- nected with the unbiased armature of the relay f and the other with the contact stop 0 of such armature, the opposite or limiting stop of which is marked p. 'I he batteries d, and h are so connected in their respective circuits as to produce movement of the armature lever of the relay f in opposite direc tions. The magnet l is connected in a circuit g whose terminals are joined to the sides of-the. circuitvn, and such magnet is, therefore, in parallel with the de-coherer magnet m. When a. signal caused by an electro magnetic wave passes through the c'oherer, its resistance being thereby lowered, the increased flow of current in the local circuit a shunting the coherer causes the armature of the polarized instrument f to be attracted to its marking or signal contact 0, thereby completing the circuit of the decohercr magnet m, and also that of the local magnet Z whose armature lever, being attracted, brings contact against contact posts L, clos ing the circuit g and reversing the polarized relay and quickly bringing its armatureback against the open or spacing stop 1). The circuit of the decoherer magnet m and magnet Z having been opened when the armature lever of relay fleft its marking contact 0, that armature is again free to be attracted when the next variation of resistance of the coherer occurs. Dots may thus be represented by one or more nick vibrations of the armature lever of re ay f, while dashes may be formed by six'or seven quick vibrations-all according to the mannerof manipulation or transmission at the distant station. These signals may be made manifest by any suitable iinal receiver; or, may be caused to actuate arelay for re-transmission into another circuit. This may be conveniently accompllshed at the armature lever is of the magnet 1. Thus a local circuit r may be closed at the contact 8 against which the armature lever it bears when the magnet Zis energized.

The drawing indicates means for making a chemical record. Ordinary recording styluses ta are connected with the terminals of this local circuit and bear upon a traveling strip of chemically prepared paper, 1), 10 being the local recording battery. The several vibrations of which each dot and each dash may be composed, may be caused to appear as a solid mark on the chemically prepared paper by providing capacity for the circuit 1 as, for instance, by means of the condenser :1:

connected in the circuit, as shown. By such introduction ofcapacity the retardation of the circuit may be made such as to produce the result stated.

- The breaking of the local circuit at the contact 0 produces more or lessarcing and, consequently, a tendency of the armature lever of f to stick upon the contact; When ordinary-retractable springs, or. a magnetically biased armature, are employed, this sticking seriously interferes with working because if the retractile force be sufficient to overcome the sticking without hesitancy, thenthe adjustment will not be so sensitive for reception of the. signals. In this improved organization, the retractile force may be, as already stated, many-times stronger than the attracting force; consequently, the most delicate adjustment or condition isafiordedh Since, in this organization, it is impossible for the armature lever f to remain against the contact 0, the apparatus is alwaysin condition to respond to the slightest rise of current,

the attention of the operator being thereby attracted when a distant operator wishes to communicate.

. In Fig. 2, the local circuit 1' completed at contact 3 includes an electro-magnet y, the armature lever of which carries an ink roll operating against a-traveling paper 2.

1 and 2 indicate retardation coils placedin local circuits 0 in each side of the instrument Their function is the usual one and is Well understood.

I claim as my invention:

1. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with the primary variable resistance device, of a receiver instrument having a movable part, a local circuit including the instrument and controlled by variation of resistance of the primary device; whereby said part is moved to make a signal on the reception of a signal wave or impulse that aiiects the variable resistance device, and means for, on the completion of the signal, developing a force locally for returning the movable part to normal position.

' 2. In wireless telegraphy, the combination of the primary variable resistance device, an electro magnetic device, its armatiue, a local circuit including the electro-magnetic device and controlled by the variable resistance device; tocause attraction of the armature on reception of a signal wave or impulse, and a second local circuit acting on the completion of the signal to retract the armature to its normal position.

3. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with the primary variable resistance device, of a receiver instrument having a movable unbiased part, a local circuit including said instrument and controlled by variation of resistance of the primary device, whereby said part is moved tomake a signal on reception of a signal wave or impulse and means for, on the completion of the signal, developing 4. In wireless telegraphy, the combination. with a coherer, resistance of which is decreased on the'reception of a signal wave or impulse, a local circuit control ed thereby, an armature attracted from normal position to signaling position by such local circuit on reception of a signal wave or impulse,

the and a second local circuit normally open but closed on the completion of a signal and acting to retract the armature to its normal po- SIlBIOIl.

5. In Wireless telegraphy, the combination with a coherer,.res1stance of which is decreased on the reception of a si al wave or impulse, a local circuit contro ed thereby, an unbiased armature attracted from normal position to signaling position by such local circuit on the reception of a signal wave or impulse, and asecond local circuit normally open but closed on the completion of a signal and acting to retract the armature to its normal position.

6. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with a coherer, of a local dpolarized instrument having an unbiase armature, one winding controlled by variation of resistance in the coherer to move the armature lever to the signaling or markin position,

the armature to its opposite or normal position; v

7. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with a coherer, of a polarized local instrument having an unbiased armature, means for energizing such polarized instrument in one sense or direction by current impulse controlled by the coherer to move the armature to the marking or signaling position, and means for automatically energizing such instrument in a reverse sense or direction to restore the armature to normal position.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

PATRICK B. DELANY.

' Witnesses:

KATHARINE MAGMAHON, WILLIAM'A. STAnLm.

and a sec-, ond circuit automatical y controlled to move 

